TX Power¶

Note

You can read more about TX power configuration and setting the TX power in the RF driver chapter of the TI Drivers API Reference.

TX power, short for transmit power, is a parameter used to set a desired output power during packet transmissions. The TX power level is programmable at run-time, and will only take affect on the next transmission.

A specific TX power configuration will match a desired output power in dBm. In most use cases, a specific output power in dBm is desired and the TX power configuration that corresponds to that output power must be specified. That means you don’t necessarily set any arbitrary TX power configuration and then measure what the output power is.

TX Power Configuration¶

A TX power configuration is represented by a hexadecimal value, which represents a bit field of multiple parameters. Two types of TX power configurations are possible depending on which RF front-end is used: one for default power amplifier (PA) and one for the high-power PA.

Note

The high-power PA is only available on the CC1352P device.

For the default PA, a TX power configuration consists of the parameters as described below. When all parameters are set, a resulting 16-bit hexadecimal value represents the TX power configuration. This 16-bit hexadecimal is contained in the txPower variable in your radio setup command.

The parameter txPower contains temp. coefficient setting, gain setting, IB setting and the TX BOOST bit:

The temperature coefficient is applied to automatically compensate the IB setting based on the temperature readout of AON_BATMON_TEMP.

Table 11. Default PA TX power configuration¶
Parameter	Description
txPower[15:9] Temp. Coefficient	Value to write to the PA power control field at 25 ° C
txPower[8]: TX BOOST bit	Select between low or high driver strength into the PA
txPower[7:6]: Gain	Value to write to the gain control field of the PA
txPower[5:0]: IB	Temperature coefficient for IB

For high-power PA, a TX power configuration consists of the parameters as described below. When all parameters are set, a resulting 22-bit hexadecimal value represents that TX power configuration. This 22-bit hexadecimal is contained in the override list of your radio setup command. (When the high-power PA is in use, the txPower variable in your radio setup command is not used.)

Table 12. High PA TX power configuration¶
Parameter	Description
Current Bias (IB)	Value to write to the PA power control field at 25 ° C
IB Boost	Value to write to the bias control field of the PA
Boost Bit	Select between low or high driver strength into the PA
Temp. Coefficient	Temperature coefficient for IB
PA LDO Trim	Value to write to the output voltage control of the +20 dBm PA LDO

For a more detailed overview of each bit field, refer to the CC13x0 CC26x0 SimpleLink Wireless MCU Technical Reference Manual.

Note

The values for all parameters are usually measured by Texas Instruments for a specific front-end configuration, and should be obtained from SysConfig or SmartRF Studio rather than deduced by yourself.

TX Power Tables¶

TX power configuration is usually done via SysConfig or via code export in SmartRF Studio . A default TX power configuration is set, in addition to a TX power table being configured/exported alongside the settings.

A TX power table is a lookup table of all TX power table entries which are characterized for the given RF front-end configuration. A TX power table entry is a key-value pair, where the key is a human-readable power level in dBm and the value a TX power configuration value.

The RF driver defines the types used in context with the TX power table, as well as convenience macros and functions for querying and manipulating the table.

There are two macros for defining a TX power configuration value: RF_TxPowerTable_DEFAULT_PA_ENTRY() for default PA entries, and RF_TxPowerTable_HIGH_PA_ENTRY() for high-PA entries. See below for how the macro is structured. Note how the macro arguments compare to the TX power configuration parameters, as detailed in TX Power Configuration.

#define RF_TxPowerTable_DEFAULT_PA_ENTRY(bias, gain, boost, coefficient) /* ... */
#define RF_TxPowerTable_HIGH_PA_ENTRY(bias, ibboost, boost, coefficient, ldotrim) /* ... */

If you generate or export any RF settings for CC13x0, depending on which RF front-end configuration you are using, you will see in ti_radio_config.c or smartrf_settings.c a new array called txPowerTable with the following syntax:

// Default PA TX Power Table
RF_TxPowerTable_Entry txPowerTable[] = {
    // ...
    { 11, RF_TxPowerTable_DEFAULT_PA_ENTRY(10, 0, 0, 71)},
    { 12, RF_TxPowerTable_DEFAULT_PA_ENTRY(63, 0, 0, 64)},
    // ...
    RF_TxPowerTable_TERMINATION_ENTRY
};

The array consists of TX power table entries in ascending order based on the human-readable power level, with the lowest power level at index 0 and the highest power level at index N - 2.

For more details on how a TX power table is generated, see the “PA table” chapter in swra640

.txPower setting vs TX Power Table setting¶

This section gives an example on how the .txPower setting can be found from the TX table setting and the other way around.

The format for the PA table entries is given as RF_TxPowerTable_DEFAULT_PA_ENTRY(bias, gain, boost, coefficient)

The .txTable format is given as:

txPower[15:9]: temp coefficient

txPower[8]: TX BOOST bit

txPower[7:6]: Gain

txPower[5:0]: IB

For this example, the 10 dBm setting for CC1312R is used.

From the .txPower value to PA table entry¶

10 dBm value = 0x3E92

Starting with the first entry in the PA table:

bias = IB = .txPower[5:0] = 0b010010 = 18
gain = gain = .txPower[7:6] = 0b10 = 2
boost = tx boost bit = .txPower[8] = 0
coefficient = temp coef = .txPower[15:9] = 0b0011111 = 31

Combining: RF_TxPowerTable_DEFAULT_PA_ENTRY(18, 2, 0, 31)

From the PA table entry to .txPower value¶

10 dBm entry: {10, RF_TxPowerTable_DEFAULT_PA_ENTRY(18, 2, 0, 31) },

Starting with the LSB:

IB [5:0] = bias = 18 = 0b010010
gain[7:6] = gain = 2 = 0b10
tx boost bit [8] = boost = 0 = 0b0
temp coef [15:9] = coefficient = 31 = 0b0011111

Combining: 0b0011111 0b0 0b10 0b010010 = 0b0011.1110.1001.0010= 0x3E92

TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE() setting vs TX Power Table setting, HPA¶

When using the HPA with max 20 dBm output power the output power is set by the override TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE() and the .txPower field is set to 0xFFFF.

This section gives an example on how the tx power override can be found from the TX table setting and the other way around.

The format for the PA table entries is given as RF_TxPowerTable_HIGH_PA_ENTRY(bias, ibboost, boost, coefficient, ldotrim)

The TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE() format is as follows:

[21:16]: paLdoTrim

[15:9]: temp coefficient

[8]: boost

[7:6]: ibBoost

[5:0]: IB

For this example, the 17 dBm setting for CC1352P is used:

From the TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE() value to PA table entry¶

17 dBm value = 0x0002661C

Starting with the first entry in the PA table:

bias = IB = [5:0] = 0b011100 = 28
gain = gain = [7:6] = 0b10 = 0
boost = tx boost bit = [8] = 0
coefficient = temp coef = [15:9] = 0b0110011 = 51
ldotrim = paLdoTrim = [21:16] = 0b10 = 2

Combining: RF_TxPowerTable_HIGH_PA_ENTRY(28, 0, 0, 51, 2)

From the PA table entry to TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE()¶

17 dBm entry: {17, RF_TxPowerTable_HIGH_PA_ENTRY(28, 0, 0, 51, 2) },

Starting with the LSB:

IB [5:0] = bias = 28 = 0b011100
gain[7:6] = gain = 0 = 0b00
tx boost bit [8] = boost = 0 = 0b0
temp coef [15:9] = coefficient = 51 = 0b0110011
paLdoTrim [21:16] = ldotrim = 2 = 0b10

Combining: 0b10 0b0110011 0b0 0b00 0b011100 0b10.0110.0110.0001.1100 = 0x2661C

Programming the TX Power Level¶

In the proprietary RF examples, the wanted tx power is set via syscfg. The value set in syscfg is translated to a CMD_PROP_RADIO_DIV_SETUP.txPower setting at compile time.

The application can program a TX power level by using the RF driver. For each RF client, the TX power is programmed with the function RF_setTxPower(). The new value takes immediate effect and is used next time transmission starts. If a packet is being transmitted, the new value will not be updated until transmission starts for the next packet.

Given the TX power table format, the application may program a new power level in multiple ways. It can use convenience functions to search for a certain power level in the table, or may access the table by index:

// Set a certain power level. Search a matching level.
RF_setTxPower(h, RF_TxPowerTable_findValue(txPowerTable, 17));

// Set a certain power level with a known level.
RF_setTxPower(h, txPowerTable[3].value);

// Set a certain power without using a human readable level.
RF_setTxPower(h, value);

// Set maximum power. Search the value.
RF_setTxPower(h, RF_TxPowerTable_findValue(txPowerTable, RF_TxPowerTable_MAX_DBM));

// Set minimum power without searching.
RF_setTxPower(h, txPowerTable[0].value);

// Set minimum power. Search the value.
RF_setTxPower(h, RF_TxPowerTable_findValue(txPowerTable, RF_TxPowerTable_MIN_DBM));

The current configured TX power level for a RF client can be retrieved with the function RF_getTxPower().

// Get the current configured power level.
int8_t power = RF_TxPowerTable_findPowerLevel(txPowerTable, RF_getTxPower(h));

The RF_setTxPower() API uses and overwrites the TX_STD_POWER_OVERRIDE(), TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE() and .txPower values to set the power in the RF core. Changing the output power in the application should therefore be done with the API and not by changing any of the other power related settings.

Enable VDDR Boost Mode¶

Note

The VDDR boost mode is only available on CC13x0 and CC13x2.

In the CCFG area (ccfg.c, for the CC13x0 and ti_devices_config.c for the CC13x2), there is a CCFG_FORCE_VDDR_HH define. If this value is set to 0, the maximum output power for the device is +12.5 dBm. If you wish to increase the output power further, set CCFG_FORCE_VDDR_HH to 1. With CCFG_FORCE_VDDR_HH to 1 the maximum output power is +14 dBm.

Example of how this can be done for the CC13x0 is shown below:

// ccfg.c
#define CCFG_FORCE_VDDR_HH  1
// ... Use default values for all others
#include <ti/devices/DeviceFamily.h>
#include DeviceFamily_constructPath(startup_files/ccfg.c)

For the CC13x2, this is done through the Device Configuration` in SysConfig

Use the +20 dBm Power Amplifier ¶

Note

The +20 dBm PA is only available on the CC1352P device. (The associated development boards are LAUNCHXL-CC1352P1, LAUNCHXL-CC1352P-2 and LAUNCHXL-CC1352P-4).

The CC1352P launchpads have three RF ports, configured for different frequency bands and transmit power ranges:

RF Port	Frequency Band	Transmit Power Range
Pin 1 and 2	2.4 GHz	+5 dBm PA and LNA
Pin 3 and 4	Sub-1 GHz	-20 dBm to + 13.5 dBm PA and LNA
Pin 5 and 6	Sub-1 GHz or 2.4 GHz	+14 dBm to +20 dBm

On the CC1352P launchpads, the RF ports are tuned for the following frequency bands:

Development Board	Pin 1/2	Pin 3/4	Pin 5/6
LAUNCHXL-CC1352P1	2.4 GHz	868/915 MHz	868/915 MHz
LAUNCHXL-CC1352P-2	2.4 GHz	868/915 MHz	2.4 GHz
LAUNCHXL-CC1352P-4	2.4 GHz	433 MHz	2.4 GHz 10 dBm

For more details on 2.4 GHz 10 dBm mode, see swra635

A Launchpad with 20 dBm support for 433 MHz is not available since no region allows up to 20 dBm output power in this band.

TX Power¶

TX Power Configuration¶

TX Power Tables¶

.txPower setting vs TX Power Table setting¶

From the .txPower value to PA table entry¶

From the PA table entry to .txPower value¶

TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE() setting vs TX Power Table setting, HPA¶

From the TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE() value to PA table entry¶

From the PA table entry to TX20_POWER_OVERRIDE()¶

Programming the TX Power Level¶

Enable VDDR Boost Mode¶

Use the +20 dBm Power Amplifier¶

Use the +20 dBm Power Amplifier ¶